Ultraviolet rays of the sun have proven effects on the increase of various types of skin cancer, the acceleration and intensification of aging (wrinkles) of the skin, the worsening of some skin diseases, and the creation and intensification of facial spots and freckles.
Those that can prevent the penetration of ultraviolet rays into the deep parts of the epidermis (on the skin) and the dermis are called sunscreens. The effect of these sunscreens is to absorb or reflect ultraviolet rays and prevent them from reaching the deep layers of the skin.
There are two types of sunscreens:
Physical sunscreens: they prevent the rays from reaching the skin by reflecting them. Any physical barrier that performs this action belongs to this group, such as ointments containing zinc oxide, which prevent the penetration of radiation by its reflection method. Or the use of brimmed hats and even masks that prevent the rays from reaching the skin are considered as part of this group.
Chemical sunscreens: This group of sunscreens prevent it from reaching the deep layers of the skin by absorbing the rays.
Protection rating of sunscreens: the amount of radiation absorbed by sunscreens. The higher the value, the higher the amount of radiation absorption. In the climate of Iran, the level of protection is higher than twenty requirements. The more directly the ray shines in an area, the higher the grade should be. In the southern regions of Iran, the rays are more direct. Any type of sunscreen is not effective on the skin for more than three hours and must be reapplied after three hours. The maximum amount of radiation reaches the earth between ten in the morning and three in the afternoon. During this period of time, avoid direct exposure to sunlight. People with fair skin are the most harmed by radiation and these people need to be more careful. In daily activities such as climbing, swimming, skiing, football, etc., sunscreen must be used. Most sunscreens are soluble in water and are removed by washing, swimming, or sweating, and its use must be repeated.
In children, from the age of six months onwards, children’s sunscreens can be used.
The compounds in sunscreen can cause sensitivity in some people and the type of sunscreen should be changed in these cases. People who have facial acne should use soluble sunscreens or lotions that are fat-free; Because creams and ointments that are greasy make their acne worse, and on the contrary, people with dry skin should use oily creams.
Attention: the use of sunscreens is not 100% safe and other protective measures should be followed.
